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Let's begin

During today's class we will consider:

  • Research questions.
  • Resources for identifying credible sources.
  • LibrarySearch and how to use it to find sources.
  • Opportunities for searching.
    • Use this time to look for scholarly resources, or to consult with librarian and your instructor for suggestions.
  • Talk about the help available to you.

Goal: By the end of this session you will know where and how to search for sources for your assignment, and where to get research help later.

In your persuasive research essay you must:

  • include a minimum of four (4) secondary sources to support your argument
    • three (3) of these must be scholarly articles or books
    • all sources should be current, ideally published within the last five (5) years
  • use these sources to present/defend a clear stand or position on your topic
  • cite all sources using MLA style guidelines

As always, please consult your assignment description or worksheet for full requirements and other details.

Where are you in the research process?
I've barely thought about it: 3 votes (30%)
I've chosen a general topic but that's it: 4 votes (40%)
I think I have my research question but need help narrowing: 1 votes (10%)
I have my specific topic and am ready to find my sources: 2 votes (20%)
Total Votes: 10

Your research question

Four steps to choosing your topic and research question

  1. Choose a topic area that interests you. (Important!)
  2. Do some background research to see how others have discussed that topic, and how it has changed over time.
  3. Ask questions related to your topic. Then ask whether those questions are worth trying to answer.
  4. Chose one of those questions, refine it, and determine how you're going to answer it.

Identifying and evaluating sources

 

Scholarly (peer-reviewed, academic)

Non-scholarly (popular)

 Author(s)

Subject matter expert; often with advanced education (e.g., PhD) or working at a university

Journalists, professional, or creative writers; may be crowd generated content

 Verification

Reviewed by an editorial board or other subject matter experts (peers)

Reviewed by an editor (sometimes)

 Audience &   language

Researchers, scholars, students; language is academic or technical

General public; uses everyday, easy to understand language

 Content

Reports original research; builds on previous knowledge

News, and practical information, creative works

 Cites sources?

Always cites other research

Occasionally, but not required

 

How do you know if you have a credible, reliable, relevant source? Consider the following:

  1. Is the author qualified to write about the topic?
  2. Does the resource incorporate quality reports or research?
  3. Is the language used objective, or emotional?
  4. Is the information opinion-based, or can you identify some bias?
  5. Does the resource actually address your research topic or problem?
  6. Who is the intended audience?

Your resource doesn't necessarily have to meet all of these criteria.


The following video has more information about ways to understand and evaluate the credibility of sources.

There are all kinds of information resources available. When you find a source, two key questions you should always ask yourself:

  1. Is it a quality, credible source?
  2. Does it meet your information needs?

Many of your instructors will ask you to use academic sources in your assignments. This usually means peer-reviewed journal articles, scholarly books/chapters, or other credible resources that rely on dedicated research.

Non-scholarly sources are great for when you need background or supplementary information to give some context, such when discussing current events, or understanding how your topic is discussed in the real world, outside of academia/research settings.

Searching for Sources

The MRU LibrarySearch tool - the main search box on the library homepage - is like Google for library resources. Use it to find information in all formats (articles, books, magazines, videos, etc.) through a single search.

And just like Google, your keywords tell LibrarySearch what your are looking for.  Using specific keywords that describe your exact topic in detail, and in context, will help the search understand what you need.


Search for articles, books/chapters, multimedia...

 

Other LibrarySearch Tips:​

  • Sign in to save items you "pin" to your favourites list (look for the push pin icon). This also allows you to save searches. 
  • Use the filters on the right to limit your results (e.g. relevant subjects, preferred resource type, etc.).
  • Filtering results for only peer-reviewed sources only applies to scholarly journal articles.
  • Use the advanced search to search for keywords in specific fields; useful for searching for a specific title or author.

Phrase searching: Use "quotation marks" around key ideas made up of multiple words.

  • "genetically modified foods"
  • "animal rights"

Truncation: Use an asterisk * to find different endings to your keywords

  • harm* = harmful, harmless
  • controv* = controversy, controversies, controversial

Synonyms: Using different keywords to describe similar ideas will retrieve results that use any of those terms. Note that synonyms are most effective in brackets with the word OR between them.

  • (benefits OR challenges)
  • (oil OR gas) pipelines

These advanced Google search options canl help you find useful, credible information on the open web.

Use site: to look for resources from trustworthy web domains.

  • site:gc.ca = Canadian gov't
  • site:alberta.ca = Alberta gov't
  • site:gov = US gov't
  • site:edu = US universities
  • site:ac.uk = UK universities
  • site:edu.au = Australian universities

Other options

  • allintitle:social media privacy teens = words after allintitle: must appear in the title of the page (example)
  • allintext:social media privacy undergraduates = words after allintext: must appear in the page text (example)

Suggested research databases

Your librarian

Profile Photo
Richard Hayman
Contact:
Email: rhayman@mtroyal.ca
Phone: 403.440.8518
Office: EL4441K

Citation Resources from Student Learning Services

  • Cite Sources: Learn the correct way to cite sources by using these guides, tutorials, and videos.
  • Referencing Webinars: APA & MLA. Referencing Webinars are 75 minutes long.  Registration is required.
  • Online Appointments: Personalized online 30-minute appointments with a Learning Strategist.