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Let's begin

Today's class:

  • Refresher on key concepts for research
  • Explore search tips and where to find sources
  • Have time for you to search
    • Use this opportunity to look for research on your topic
    • Consult with the librarian and course instructor as needed
  • Revisit the research supports available

Goal: By the end of this session you will learn about searching for scholarly sources for your assignment, and have some time to try to locate 1-2 sources you might use.

Choosing and evaluating sources

Primary Sources

The particular film being studied, or a collection of such works (e.g., the overall works by a particular director or actor). May also include scripts or screen plays, or other media and documents related to the production (e.g., behind the scenes recordings or photos).

Secondary Sources

Research and scholarship about the primary source, or about the subject or creator of the primary source.

Articles and Books - your best option

  • original research appears in peer reviewed journal articles, books, or individual book chapters
  • in-depth analysis, criticism, and commentary
  • may explore a single film or compare several works, or discuss different topics, themes, periods, technical elements of cinema, and more.

Reference Works

  • sometimes called background sources, includes encyclopedias, handbooks, or companion guides
  • only basic or introductory information on a film, topic, or person
  • may describe and criticize a film, director, theme, etc., but typically not as comprehensive research or criticism

Reviews, newspapers, magazines

  • generally written around the time of the film's release
  • published in journals, trade and popular magazines, newspapers, and websites
  • can include interviews with directors, actors, cinematographers, etc., which can useful for perspective from the people directly involved
  • good for supplementary perspectives or understanding viewer reactions
  • may describe and criticize a film, director, author, theme, etc., but typically not as  comprehensive research or criticism

 

Scholarly (peer-reviewed, academic)

Non-scholarly (popular)

 Author(s)

Subject matter expert; often with advanced education (e.g., PhD) or working at a university

Journalists, professional, or creative writers; may be crowd generated content

 Verification

Reviewed by an editorial board or other subject matter experts (peers)

Reviewed by an editor (sometimes)

 Audience &   language

Researchers, scholars, students; language is academic or technical

General public; uses everyday, easy to understand language

 Content

Reports original research; builds on previous knowledge

News, and practical information, creative works

 Cites sources?

Always cites other research

Occasionally, but not required

 

How do you know if you have a credible, reliable, relevant source? Consider the following:

  1. Is the author qualified to write about the topic?
  2. Does the resource incorporate quality reports, research or other trustworthy information?
  3. Is the language used objective, or emotional?
  4. Is the information opinion-based, or can you identify some bias?
  5. Does the resource address your research topic or problem?
  6. Who is the intended audience?
  7. Is the information recent, or does it speak to the time period of your research?

Your resource doesn't necessarily have to meet all of these criteria.


The following video has more information about ways to understand and evaluate the credibility of sources.

Keyword suggestions

There are many terms to describe film. When it comes to searching for research, five main keywords are used most frequently:

  • cinema
  • films
  • movies
  • motion pictures
  • moving pictures

An effective start is to combine at least a couple of these terms into a single search, like this: (adaptation OR remake) (film OR cinema OR movies OR motion pictures OR moving pictures)

Of course there are also many keywords that describe a particular cinematic genre, format, or technology: animation, anime, French cinema, IMAX, silent film, superhero films, etc. Choose term(s) that seem most useful for your assignment.

There are many terms used to describe the art of cinematic adaptation. Here are some that are commonly used across our resources, especially for books and other items from our local library collections.

  • literary adaptation 
  • television adaptation
  • comic book adaptation
  • video game adaptation
  • tie-ins
  • fan fiction

As with the previous category, some terms are used more often than others. so select the keywords best describe your focus. You can combine some terms from adaptation with terms from film like this: (adaptation OR remake) (film OR cinema OR movies OR motion pictures)

 

In your essay you are expected to do some formal/stylistic analysis. Here are some common elements that can be added to your search.

  • cinematography 
  • mise-en-scène 
  • camera angle
  • camera movement
  • framing
  • editing 
  • time, space, location
  • lighting
  • sound
  • composition
  • props (the use of)
  • costumes
  • makeup
  • (set) design

 

LibrarySearch

Other secondary sources

Use these to find scholarly articles and critical reviews and analysis.

Some film reviews can be found in the research databases. A few other trusted resources are listed on this Film Reviews section of this guide.

Librarian

Profile Photo
Richard Hayman
he/him
Contact:
Email: rhayman@mtroyal.ca
Phone: 403.440.8518
Office: EL4441K

Specific Film Journals To Explore

Try browsing or searching within these scholarly journals. The first two in this list specifically focus on adaptation.


Notable Film Magazines

For high quality - though non-scholarly - reviews written by professional film critics, watch for the following publications in search results. You can also search directly within the magazines below.

Citation Resources from Student Learning Services

  • Cite Sources: Learn the correct way to cite sources by using these guides, tutorials, and videos.
  • Referencing Webinars: APA & MLA. Referencing Webinars are 75 minutes long.  Registration is required.
  • Online Appointments: Personalized online 30-minute appointments with a Learning Strategist.

Evaluate this session

Please take a few minutes to complete the online Student Evaluation of Instruction for this class.