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Class objectives

By the end of the library session, students should be able to:

  • Identify and access the library's databases for research purposes
  • Distinguish between different types of sources (e.g., journal articles, books, newspaper articles, government documents)
  • Apply the RADAR criteria to evaluate sources
  • Construct proper MLA citations for various source types
  • Formulate effective search strategies related to their chosen policy essay topics

Scholarly Sources

Scholarly vs. Popular Sources

(Image of a messy research desk, DALL-E, created 2024-10-21)


Definition: A scholarly publication features articles written by experts for other experts. These are often called "peer-reviewed," "academic," or "refereed" journals. This means that before an article is published, it is reviewed by other scholars in the same field to ensure the research and findings are reliable.

Scholarly / Peer-Reviewed

Popular / Not Scholarly (but possibly still credible!)

Author

  • Expert

  • Journalist / professional writer

Review Process

  • Reviewed by an editorial board or other experts ("peers")

  • Reviewed by an editor

Audience /
Language

  • Scholars and students

  • Technical language

  • General public

  • Easy to understand

Content

  • Original research

  • Uses previously published literature for background

  • News and practical information

  • Uses a variety of sources for background 

Sources

  • Always cited

  • Sometimes cited

Examples

  • Peer-reviewed articles

  • Scholarly books

  • Literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses

  • Theses and dissertations

  • Magazine articles

  • Newspaper articles

  • Blog articles

  • Encyclopedias

  • Textbooks

  • Websites

  • Social media

The Peer Review Process

(Image of scholar conducting a peer review, DALL-E, created 2024-10-21)


Peer Review Process

(Source: Wiley, Wiley Author Services, n.d.)

What kind of source is it?

What kind of source is it?
Book: 18 votes (85.71%)
Scholarly article: 3 votes (14.29%)
Web source: 0 votes (0%)
Total Votes: 21
What kind of source is it?
Book: 0 votes (0%)
Scholarly article: 18 votes (94.74%)
Web source: 1 votes (5.26%)
Total Votes: 19
What kind of source is it?
Book: 2 votes (10.53%)
Scholarly article: 0 votes (0%)
Web source: 17 votes (89.47%)
Total Votes: 19

LibrarySearch 

LibrarySearch is MRU Library's one-stop search interface/catalogue that brings together resources across format, time, and subject.

 

(Conducting Academic Research With LibrarySearch)


Things to remember when using LibrarySearch:

  1. Sign in to save searches, and items, and to request materials.

  2. Use the pin icon to save books and articles to your Favorites for future reference.

  3. Use the filters on the right. You will use Availability, Resource Type, and Date filters most often. Filter settings can be "locked in" so that you don't have to reapply them to every search that you make.

  4. Some items may not be available, however, you can request unavailable items using what is called interlibrary loan.

  5. When viewing an item record, scroll down to the Get it (for hardcopy/physical items) or Access options (for electronic items) section to get access to the item.


Search Tips for LibrarySearch

(Adapted from “Developing your search strategy,” University of Leeds)

You can use search operators to combine or exclude terms, helping you get better results faster.

Quotation Marks: Use quotation marks to keep phrases together.

  • Examples: “public space”, “inclusive design”, “artificial intelligence”, “fast fashion”, “#FreeBritney”

AND: Combine terms with AND to narrow your search.

  • Examples: “inclusive design” AND “public libraries”, “artificial intelligence” AND labour

OR: Use OR to search for synonyms or similar terms and broaden your search.

  • Examples: “climate change” OR “global warming”, “artificial intelligence” OR “AI”

Truncation: Use * to search for different word endings.

  • Example: access* will find accessible, accessibility, etc

Exercise: Practice Lateral Reading

One method for evaluating source quality is by using RADAR

Relevance

Does this source fit my topic?

What is this source's intended audience?

Is that intended audience appropriate for my use case in this assignment?

Authority

Is/are the creator(s) of this source clearly identified or known to us?

How important is it in this use case to trust the source's creator(s)?

If it is important, why should we trust the source's creator(s)?

Is the source's creator credentialed or an expert in their field?

Date

Is the creation or publication date of this source identified or known to us?

Is this source too old?

Accuracy

Do this source's facts "check out"?

Does the source have references of its own?

Reason (for Creation)

Why was this source made?

Was this source made to sell a product or service, to inform/educate, to entertain, etc?

(Source: SAIT)

Lateral Reading

Definition of lateral reading, according to Terrell Heick

"In brief, lateral reading (as opposed to vertical reading) is the act of verifying what you’re reading as you’re reading it." (Heick, 2020).

The Difference Between Lateral Reading And Vertical Reading

(Source: The Difference Between Lateral Reading And Vertical Reading, Terrell Heick, 2020)


Resources:

Saving sources

Permalinks

  • Permalinks are "permanent links" that will take your back a source you've found. These links exist in different places depending on the database you're using.

Academic Search Complete (EBSCO)

Research Library (ProQueset)

JSTOR Archive Collection

Other tips

  • Save the titles of your articles! You can always search the titles in "quotations" using the library search
  • Take note of the journal issue and volume number
  • Save links and titles in a Google Doc or email them to yourself, so you always have a record

Citing sources in MLA

Start searching

Librarian

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Erik Christiansen

Contact:
Email: echristiansen@mtroyal.ca
Phone: 403.440.5168
Office: EL4423C
Website